Class-7
Computer
Subharambha Publication
Chapter 1 : Introduction To The Computer
Chapter 2 : Historical Development Of Computer
Chapter 3 : Generation Of Computer
Chapter 4: Types Of Computer
Chapter 6 : Introduction To Computer Hardware And Software
Chapter 8 : Word Processing Program
Chapter
-7 Word Processing Programme (2nd
terms)
Chapter
- 8 Spreadsheet Software (2nd
terms)
Chapter
- 9 -
Chapter
- 10 ICT Cyber Ethics And Cyber Crime
Introduction
To The Computer
a. Define the computer with its
working principle.
Ans: A computer is an electronic
device that can perform a variety of operations with a set of instructions.
Input-Process- Output and storage is the basic working principle of a computer.
b. What are the functional units
of the computer.
Ans: The functional units of the
computer CPU can be divided into three sections they are Arithmetic Logical
Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), Memory Unit (MU)
c. Mention any four advantages
and disadvantages of a computer.
Ans: Advantages of computers are
given below:
i) We can work fast and easily.
ii) It is possible to store a
large volume of data.
iii) The output of the computer
is always correct.
iv) A computer can work for a
long time.
Disadvantages of computers:
i) A computer is useless without
electricity.
ii) It may create health
problems.
iii) A computer cannot work
itself.
iv) It does not have its own
decision-making capacity.
d. Write any six application
areas of the computer.
Ans: Any six application areas
of the computer are given below.
i) Computer in Education. ii) Computer in Bank
iii) Computer for entertainment. iv) Computer at the hospital.
v) Computer in Business vi) Computer in
Communication
e. List out the different
characteristics of the computer.
Ans: The different
characteristics of a computer are: Speed, Accuracy, Diligence, Versatility,
Storage, etc.
f. What is the role of the
computer in communication?
Ans: The computer plays a very
important role in communication, the internet and email are used to exchange
data these days. Social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Viber, Tiktok,
etc are being used these days to exchange information very easily.
g. Why are computers popular in
the banking sector?
Ans: Computers are popular in
the banking sector to keep the records of customers, check their balances,
verify their signatures, and deposit and withdraw money, online banking, ATM
service etc.
h. Name any three social
networking websites.
Ans: Facebook, Tiktok, and
Youtube are examples of social networking websites.
i. Why is the computer called a
versatile machine?
Ans: Computers can perform
completely different types of work. It can be used in different fields for
various purposes like in education, communication, bank, etc, So computers are called versatile machines.
j. Define the following terms:
a. Input: Input is the act of
entering the data or instructions into the computer with the help of input
devices.
b. processing: When a computer gets the input
then it starts to convert raw data into meaningful information called
processing.
c. Output: After processing raw
data computer is used to give or display meaningful information or result
called output.
d. Storage: The storage devices are capable of holding
information or result either permanent or temporary. Example Harddisk, RAM,
Pendrive, etc.
Historical
Development Of Computer
a. What was the first manual
calculating device? When was it invented?
Ans: Abacus was the first manual
calculating device. It was invented by the Chinese people before 3000 BC.
b. Write a few lines about
Jacquard's loom.
Ans: Jacquard's loom was
invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804 AD. This loom was the first to use
punched cards.
c. For what purpose was
tabulating machine developed?
Ans: The tabulating machine was
developed for summarising information stored on the punch card.
d. Which computer is called the
first digital computer?
Ans: ABC was the first digital
computer.
e. Explain ENIAC.
Ans: ENIAC was the first
general-purpose electronic computer.
f. Who were the inventors of the
UNIVAC computer?
Ans: The inventors of the UNIVAC
computer were J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.
g. Which was the first computer
that was based on the stored-program concept?
Ans: EDSAC was the first
computer that was based on the stored program concept.
h. Make a list of computers used
in the history of the computer.
Generation
Of Computer
6. Answer the following questions.
a. What is a computer generation? What are the types of computer generation?
Ans: Computer generation is the process of changing the technology that
computers used. Nowadays generation includes both hardware and software, which
together makes up an entire computer.
There are five types of computer generation First-generation, Second
Generation, Third Generation, Fourth Generation, and Fifth Generation.
b. Write down the memory components of each generation computer with duration.
The memory components of each generation of computers with duration are given
below.
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c. Mention any four features of the first generation computer.
Ans: Four features of the first generation computer are given below.
1. First-generation computers used valves or vacuum tubes as main components.
2. They were large in size, slow in processing, and had less storage capacity.
3. They consumed lots of electricity and produce lots of heat.
4. They were very expensive.
d. Write down the name of the second-generation computers.
Ans: Examples of second-generation computers are: IBM 1620, IBM 1401, CDC 1604,
UNIVAC 1108
e. Write any three special features of the fourth and fifth-generation
computer.
Ans: Features of Fourth generation computer are:
1. It uses VLSI technology to produce a single microprocessor.
2. It is very cheap and more portable than previous generations.
3. It is very accurate and versatile.
4. The working speed is up to picosecond and femtosecond.
f. Name the devices that were used during the third and fourth-generation
computers.
Ans: Devices that were used during the third generation: IBM 360 Series,
Honeywell 6000 series, Personal Data Processor (PDP)
A device that is used in the third generation is IBM PC, DEC 10, CRAY-1
(supercomputer) Apple Macintosh.
g. Explain about the first generation computer.
Ans: The first generation of computer were used from 1946 to 1958. Vacuum tubes
were the memory component of the first-generation computers developed by Lee De
Forest. It was very expensive and consumed lots of electricity and produce lots
of heat.
Types
Of Computer
Answer the following questions.
a. What is an analog and digital
computer?
Ans: An analog computer is a
type of computer which are used to process continuous data. The computer
which presents physical quantities with
the help of symbols or numbers and provides us with discrete information is
called a digital computer.
b. What type of computers are
hybrid computers?
Ans: A hybrid computer is a
combination of analog and digital computers so a hybrid computer can process
both continuous and discrete data which means it can perform the works done by
the analog computer as well as a digital computer.
c. What is a supercomputer?
Ans: Supercomputers are very
expensive and are being used for specialized applications and it is a computer
with a high level of performance as compared to general-purpose computers.
d. What is the use of a workstation
computer?
Ans: Workstation computers are
used for engineering applications like CAD and CAM. desktop publishing,
software development, and other types of applications.
e. Which computer is called a
midrange computer?
Ans: Minicomputers are used by
small businesses and firms so these computers are known as midrange computers.
f. Write any three points about
the personal computer.
Ans: Three points about the
personal computer are:
>> Personal computer are
the computer with microprocessor designed for personal use.
>> Laptop computer is a
portable personal computer powered by battery.
>> The personal computer
is widely used as the fastest-growing computer.
>>> The personal
computers are the cheapest computer among the other types of computer.
Introduction
To Computer Hardware And Software
Answer the following questions
a. Define computer hardware and
software.
Ans: Computer hardware is the
physical components of a computer that can be seen and touched.
Software is a collection of
instructions that enables the user to interact with the computer hardware or
perform some specific task.
b. Name any four input devices
and explain them in short.
Ans: Four input devices are:
Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, and lightpen.
Keyboard>> A keyboard is
the basic input device of a computer there are many keys on the keyboard with
the help of these keys we can give commands to the computer.
Mouse: The mouse is a popular
handheld pointing input device for computers.
Joystick >>> A joystick
is also a pointing device that is used to move the cursor and mostly it is used
for playing computer games.
Light pen>>> Light pen
is a pointing device similar to a pen. It is used to select a displayed menu
item or draw pictures on the monitor screen.
c. What is computer hardware?
Name any four computer hardware that you know.
Ans: Computer hardware is the
physical components of the computer that can be seen and touched. Example:
Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Printer.
d. Define the term printer.
Ans: The printer is a popular
hardcopy output device used to display the results on paper. There are two
types of printers Impact printers and Non-Impact printers.
e. What is Impact and Non-Impact
printers?
Impact printer>>>
Impact printer prints the characters by striking an inked ribbon against the
paper or sheet with the hammer-like mechanism. Examples are dot matrix printers
and daisy wheel printers.
Non-Impact printers>>>
A non-Impact printer does not strike the characters against ribbon or paper to
print and produce low noise while printing than an Impact printer. Example
Inkjet printer.
f. Name any two impact and
non-impact printers?
Ans: Impact
printer>>>Dot matrix printer, daisy wheel printers.
Non-impact printer >>>
Inkjet printer, laser printer.
g. What is the use of a plotter?
Ans: A plotter is a printer
designed for printing graphics and large-scale images.
h. What is processing hardware?
Ans: The hardware that is used
to do all types of processing activities in the computer system is called
processing hardware. Eg. CPU.
i. Define memory unit, control
unit, and ALU.
Memory unit>>> Memory
unit is the main section of CPU it is used to store instructions, data, and
intermediate results. It is also used to supply information to other units of
the computer when needed.
Control Unit >>> It is
another part of the CPU that controls the operations of all parts of the
computer but does not carry out any actual data processing operation.
ALU>>> The ALU consists
of two sections, the arithmetic section which is used to perform arithmetic
operations such as addition, multiplication, etc, and the logical section which
is used to perform logic operations such as comparing data.
j. Name any two storage hardware
and explain them in short.
Ans: Any two storage hardware
are:
Hard disk>>> Hard disk
is one of the largest data storage devices in a computer. The operating system,
software programs, and most other files can be stored on the hard disk.
Memory Card>>> Memory
card is a small-sized but large storage capacity device basically used to store
photos, videos, or other data on electronic devices.
k. What is system software? Name
any two system software.
Ans: System software is the main
software of a computer that helps to activate the computer system and provides
the operating environment for other applications software. Operating systems
and Language translators are two types of system software.
l. Define an operating system
with examples.
Ans: An operating system is
system software that manages computer hardware, and software resources, and
provides common services for computer programs. Examples: Windows, LINUX, UNIX,
etc.
m. What is a language
translator? Name any three-language translator.
Ans: A language translator is a
program that translates a set of codes written in one programming language into
a functional equivalent to the code in another programming language.
Compiler, Interpreter, and
Assembler are the types of a language translators.
Word
Processing Program
a. An operating system is a
collection of system programs that control the operations of a computer system.
Example: Windows, UNIX,
b. Ans is on page no 67
c. A single-user operating
system is a type of operating system in which only one user can access the
computer at a time.
A multi-user operating system
allows more than one user to access a computer system at one time.
d. A booting is the process of
starting or restarting the computer system. There are two types of booting cold
booting and warm booting.
e. A warm booting is the process
of starting or restarting the computer by pressing the restart button of the
system unit.
A cold booting is a normal stage of starting
the computer.
f. The special feature of
windows 7 are
Page no. 68 (any 4)
g. The desktop is the first
screen that appears when you operate a computer with a windows OS. Some desktop icons are: Users, Computer,
Recycle Bin, Internet explorer, the taskbar.
Word
Processing Programme (2nd terms)
Answer the following questions.
a. Define application software.
For what purpose are application programs designed?
Ans: An application software is
a set of one or more programs designed to solve a specific problem or a specific task.
Application programs are
designed according to the user's needs.
b. Write down the features of MS
Word.
Ans: The features of MS Word
are:
i) It is used to type the text
numbers and symbols.
ii) We can insert the picture,
charts, and tables as per the requirement
iii) It helps to manage the page
setup and print the document.
iv) It helps to check the
spelling and grammar errors in the document.
c. What is the text box?
Ans: A text box is an object
that helps to put and type text anywhere in the document.
d. What is the use of Word art?
Ans: Word art can be used to add
special text effects to the document.
e. Define the term
"Cropping"
Ans: Cropping means reducing the
size of a picture by removing vertical or horizontal edges.
f. Define Smart Art graphics
with types.
Ans: Smart Art graphic is a
visual representation of your information that you can quickly and easily
create. Types of Smart Art graphics are List, process, cycle, hierarchy,
relationship, etc.
g. How to insert a table in the
document? Write with steps.
h. Define print preview.
Ans:
Spreadsheet
Software (2nd terms)
Answer the following questions:
a. What is Microsoft excel?
Write its features.
Ans: Microsoft Excel is a
spreadsheet program created by Microsoft Corporation.
Some features of Ms-Excel are:
i) It helps to work with simple
and complex calculations.
ii) It helps to work with
different excel charts.
iii) It helps to sort and filter
data.
iv) It helps to format and edit
data from the home tab.
b. Name the components of Excel
Windows.
Ans: The components of Excel
windows are: File tab, Ribbon, Help, Zoom Control, View buttons, Sheet area,
Row bar, column bar, etc.
c. Name the various options
available on the spell check dialog box.
Ans: The different options
available on the spell check dialog box are:
i) Ignore Once
ii) Ignore All
iii) Add to Dictionary
iv) Chane
v) Change all
vi) Auto Correct
d. What are the differences
between Zoom in and Zoom out?
Ans: Zoom In means making zoom
or enlarging the workbook up to 400% by moving the slider to the right.
Zoom out means making zoom out
or reducing the workbook up to 10% by moving the slider to the left.
e. Define the cell.
Ans: Cells are the boxes you see
in the grid of an Excel worksheet.
f. What is formatting a cell?
Ans: Cell formatting means
changing the way of cell data appears in the spreadsheet like numbers,
currency, dates, etc.
g. What are the various tab of
format cells?
Ans: The various tab of format
cells are: Number, Alignment, Font, Border, fill, and Protection.
h. What is meant by merging
cells?
Ans: You can merge two or more
than two cells or combine a group of cells into a single cell in Excel which is
known as merging cells.
i. What is a function? Name some
functions used by Excel.
Ans: Functions are predefined
formulas that perform calculations by using specific values, called arguments,
in a particular order, or structure.
Excel includes many common
functions that can be used to quickly find the sum, average, count, maximum
value, and minimum value for a range of cells.
j. What are the parts of
function? Explain.
Ans: The different parts of the
function are: Equal sign, Function name, and Argument.
k. Explain Arguments.
Ans: Arguments are the values
that functions use to perform calculations.
-
ICT
Cyber Ethics And Cyber Crime
Answer the following questions.
a. What is Information
communication and technology?
Ans: Information communication
and technology can be defined as a set of technological tools and resources
used to communicate, create, store, and manage information.
b. What are the uses of ICT?
Ans: The uses of ICT are as
follows:
1. Send and receive the
information with the help of the internet.
2. Distance learning and online
education.
3. Online business and shopping.
4. online communication.
c. Write any four means of
communication.
Ans: Some means of communication
are: Computer system, Radio, television, mobile phone, Email and internet,
online news services, etc.
d. What is cybercrime?
Ans: Cybercrime is a criminal
activity committed with the help of computers and computing tools.
e. Define computer ethics? Also,
write the provisions of computer ethics.
Ans: Computer ethics are a set
of moral standards that govern the use of computers, and also deal with how
computer experts should make a decision regarding social behavior while working
with computer tools and technology.
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